More than a century ago, the Phineas Gage case revealed that frontal lobe lesions can cause personality and social cognition impairment. Since its description, clinical observations1 have highlighted important similarities between the symptoms of patients with prefrontal lesions (PFL) and patients with the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Both conditions share symptoms such as distractibility, personality changes, social inappropriateness, and markedly impaired moral judgments.2,3 However, to our knowledge, no studies have compared PFL and bvFTD regarding any social cognition domain. Social cognition tasks are particularly sensitive in detecting impairment in frontal patients.4 Moral reasoning is a social cognition domain affected in both conditions.2,3The brain areas usually affected in bvFTD5,6 (the ventromedial prefrontal cortex [VMPC], orbitofrontal cortex, anterior temporal lobes, amygdala, and insula) are involved in moral cognition.7Moreover, patients with VMPC damage show abnormal moral judgments of harmful intentions in the absence of harmful outcomes.3 However, to our knowledge, no studies of bvFTD have previously examined the processing of intentions and outcomes in moral judgment.